Saffron threads are the dried, red stigmas of the Saffron flower, the crocus Sativus. Each flower contains exactly three threads, which must be picked from each flower by hand. It takes more than 75,000 flowers to produce one pound of dried saffron, making this one of the most precious and expensive spices.

Historically, saffron has been used for medicine, perfume, dye and as a cooking spice. It adds an intense flavor, bright yellow-orange color, and a strong aroma to food.

Saffron is native to the Middle East, and was introduced to Europe by the Muslim Arabs and Berbers of northwest Africa, who conquered most of Spain in the eighth century. From southern Spain, al-Andalus, saffron was carried to Italy and France, where it became popular. It was brought to England by the Crusaders in the 13th century. Today it is produced commercially in Spain, Iran and India

Reference: Saudi Aramco World, September/October 2006; http://www.greekproducts.com/greekproducts/saffron/index.html